Reading is the foundation of all academic learning. These skills build on each other in a structured progression — from recognizing letters to reading full sentences.
Letter recognition is the ability to identify and name all 26 uppercase and lowercase letters of the alphabet. It is the...
Beginning sounds (initial sounds) is the ability to identify the first sound in a spoken word. For example, hearing the ...
Ending sounds (final sounds) is the ability to identify the last sound in a spoken word. For example, hearing "cat" and ...
Phonics is the relationship between letters and the sounds they represent. It includes learning individual letter sounds...
Rhyming is the ability to recognize and produce words that share the same ending sound pattern, such as "cat" and "hat" ...
CVC words are three-letter words that follow a consonant-vowel-consonant pattern, such as "cat," "dog," and "sun." They ...
Word families are groups of words that share a common ending pattern (rime), such as the -at family (cat, bat, hat, mat)...
Blending is the ability to combine individual sounds (phonemes) into a complete word. For example, hearing /s/ /u/ /n/ a...
Sight words (also called high-frequency words) are common words that children learn to recognize instantly, without soun...
Sentence reading is the ability to read a complete sentence with understanding. It combines sight word recognition, CVC ...
Sentence comprehension is the ability to understand the meaning of what is read, not just decode the words. It involves ...
Early math is about building number sense and logical thinking. These skills progress from concrete counting to abstract operations.
Thinking skills are the cognitive tools that help children learn how to learn. These abilities support reading, math, and everyday problem-solving.